This guidance document supports the nine vertical datum standards adopted by FEMA for vertical datum conversions from the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) to the North …

Chapter 30 presents Bureau of Local Roads and Streets (BLRS) criteria for the design of vertical alignment elements. This includes vertical curvature and grades for both crest and sag vertical …

This chapter provides guidance on vertical alignment elements, including: coordination with other design elements, laying out a profile grade line, guidance on grades including maximum and …

Crest (convex) vertical curves typically appear as a hill and have a lower tangent slope at the end of the curve than at its beginning, with vehicles first going uphill, reaching the top of the curve, …

The following sections provide information associated with coordination and planning FIS; FIRM, and FIRM database requirements; vertical datum conversion documentation; and a Vertical …

This manual provides technical guidance for referencing project elevation grades to nationwide vertical datums established and maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

a variety of datums. This transformation allows users to convert their data from different vertical references into a common system, enabling the fusion of diverse geospatial data, particularly …