Modern circuit design is a “mixed signal” endeavor thanks to the availability of sophisticated process technologies that make available bipolar and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), ...

A way to apply the output of certain sensors to a TTL/CMOS-level iput on a microcontroller. Sensor must have an NPN output stage that can support a pullup to its power rail. With just a few components ...

RF CMOS is ideally suited for high-volume, low-cost applications, such as Bluetooth. But to implement robust RF building blocks in CMOS technologies, their useful characteristics must be exploited; ...

Digital design is, of necessity, performed at a very high level of abstraction. When dealing with millions to hundreds of millions of transistors, working at the transistor level is completely ...